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Mycologia, ASCOMYCOTINA, HELOTIALES, SCLEROTINIACEAE .
Identification, Description, Biology, Epidemiology, Treatement, Possible misleading, Images
[R]Description
The disease can affect the flowers, the fruits, the leaves, the stems, the collar and even the roots when the plants grow in cold temperatures.
The stems start showing symptoms in late spring : cortical girdling necrosis. Water-soaked lesions occur on the fruits in the area where the corolla stood. Necrosis rapidly extends to the whole fruit. grey mould invades the fruit which is mummified.
[R]Biology
B. cinerea survives saprophitically as sclerotia and mycelium on the stems, in the cankers, dead leaves and fruit mummies. Sclerotia and mycelium sporulate in spring, the resulting conidia are disseminated all over the plants in the crop.Infection of the stems occurs through senescent leaves.
Under favourable temperature and RH conditions conidia germinate and colonize the flower and the ovule. The fungus remains latent until the ripening of the fruit when it actively starts showing symptoms.
Secondary infection through direct contact between infected and healthy fruit can also occur.
In autumn already, flat sclerotia deprived of medulla form on the contaminated stems.
[R]Epidemiology
Contamination strongly depends on RH. Conidia are spread by the wind and the rain. The optimum temperature for conidial germination is 18 °C. This can take place even in the absence of free water if the RH is over 90%.
[R]Treatement
Use a locally reccommended fungicide spray in the early blossom stage.
Apply alternate chemical treatment to avoid development of resistant strains.
HYP3 on line : Species (scientific name), Diseases (common names), Glossary, Crops.
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