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Mycologia, DEUTEROMYCOTINA, HYPHOMYCETALES, TUBERCULARIACEAE .

Crops attacked: maize .

Eyespot of maize

Identification, Description, Biology, Epidemiology, Treatement, Possible misleading, Images

[R]Description
The first symptoms occur in leaf stage 2, then develop on the lower leaves.
This fungus causes early drying out of the leaves. Discoloured rectangular spots occur on them, limited by the veins which turn dark giving the dessicated leaf a chessboard appearance. The disease can cause severe shrivelling of the ears.

[R]Biology
The fungus is specific to maize.
Survival bodies or stromas form on the infected parts of the host towards the end of its life cycle. Stromas overwinter in the debris and generate conidia which are dispersed by the rain and the wind on the maize leaves where they will germinate in the next season.

[R]Epidemiology
Germination of the stromas occurs when temperature is over 10 °C.
Conidial germination occurs on the maize leaves only after at least 7 hours continuous leaf wetness.
Maize susceptibility is highest at 10 - 12 °C., therefore eyespot mostly spreads during the cold rainy seasons.

[R]Treatement
The deep ploughing of the debris prevents sporulation of the stromas and causes them to decompose.

[R]Possible misleading
.

[R] Images

1. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Discolouredlesionswith reddish-brown margin, characteristic of an attack of eyespot on maize leaves.
   
2. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (VEGH I.,INRA)
   Maize eyespot Spots of Kabatiella disease on maize stem.
   
3. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (VEGH I., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Kabatiella lesions on maize leaf.
   
4. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Maize leaves showing stains and the stroma of Kabatiella zeae .
   
5. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Spots due to Kabatiella zeae on all the organs of a maize plant.
   
6. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Leaves at the base of the stalk showing signs of the beginning of an attack of Kabatiella zeae .
   
7. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Heavy attack of Kabatiella zeae on all the organs of a maize plant.
   
8. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Ultimate stage of an attack by Kabatiella zeae showing stromas on the stalk and leaves of a maize plant.
   
9. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
   Maize eyespot Typical symptoms of Kabatiella zeae on the stalk and cob of a maize plant.
   
10. Kabatiella zeae , Maize eyespot (CASSINI R., INRA)
    Maize eyespot Lesions and stromas formation of eyespot on a maize leaf.
    

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