Publications > Cahiers (English)> N° 70, 1 st term 2004

• Revenue insurance as an income stabilization policy : an application to the Spanish olive oil sector, M. BIELZA, A. GARRIDO, J. M. SUMPSI texte au format PDF
  
• Capital intellectuel des fondateurs, réseaux sociaux et stratégies des nouvelles entreprises de biotechnologies françaises, D. CATHERINE, F. COROLLEUR
  [The new French biotechnology firms : founders’ intellectual capital, social networks and firms’ strategies]
• Espaces ruraux, espaces périphériques ? Les perspectives de développement économique associées au vignoble de Bordeaux, C. DOUCET
  [Are rural areas always peripheral areas ? The example of rural dynamics in the Bordeaux vineyard ]
• Évaluation de la demande de paysage : état de l’art et réflexions sur la méthode du transfert des bénéfices, M. RAMBONILAZA texte au format PDF
  [Economic valuation of landscape demand : state of the art and the potential of the method of benefit transfer ]
  

COMPTES RENDUS DE LECTURE

C. PELAS, Goulien, commune bretonne du Cap Sizun. Entre XIXe siècle et IIIe millénaire, by B. Paillard ; V. YEFIMOV, Économie institutionnelle des transformations agraires en Russie, by A. Pouliquen ; H. LOFGREN (éd.), Food, Agriculture, and Economic Policy in the Middle East and North Africa, by B. Thabet ; A. ARZANI, R. ESPOSTI and F. SOTTE (éds), European Policy Experiences with Rural Development, by P. Daucé

Revenue insurance as an income stabilization policy : an application to the Spanish olive oil sector

María BIELZA*, Alberto GARRIDO*, José M. SUMPSI* (* Dpto. Economía y CCSS Agrarias, ETSI Agrónomos, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid- SPAIN - e-mail : mbielza@eco.etsia.upm.es)

In : Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, n° 70, 2004, pp 5-27

Summary - This paper analyses five combinations of agricultural policies and revenue and yield insurance for the Spanish olive sector : (1) non-intervention ; (2) the policy currently in force with production aid and yield insurance ; (3) revenue insurance ; (4) revenue insurance combined with production aid ; (5) aid per tree combined with revenue insurance. Each combination is tested with respect to various criteria : average revenue and its variability, rowers’utility, taxpayers cost, and the transfer efficiency of support. We performed Monte-Carlo simulations on 100 statistically significant groups of growers. Three rankings of the five policy scenarios show that the current regime of EU production aids on olive oil eliminates the advantage of extending the current yield insurance to a revenue insurance at a reasonable cost. We also show that the level of support delivered by production aids can by no means be reached with revenue insurance even with 100% subsidized premia, and that scenario (5) exhibits good results based on all criteria.

Key-words : agricultural policy, agricultural insurance, olive oil sector.

Capital intellectuel des fondateurs, réseaux sociaux et stratégies des nouvelles entreprises de biotechnologies françaises
[The new French biotechnology firms : founders’ intellectual capital, social networks and firms’ strategies]

David CATHERINE*, Frédéric COROLLEUR* (* UMR Gael, INRA-UPMF, BP 47, 38040 Grenoble cedex 9 - e-mail : frederic.corolleur@upmf-grenoble.fr - e-mail : dcather@inra.grenoble.fr)

In : Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, n° 70, 2004, pp 29-48

Summary - During the creation of their company, high technology start-up founders mobilize their intellectual and social capital. If in the entrepreneurship field, some works show that this capital is one of the determinants of firms’ performance, the studies that highlight the link between the founders’ intellectual and social capital at the firm creation time and its strategy of growth in the first years of its existence, are very few. This paper wonders about these links and more particularly with the founders of the new biotechnology firms and with works which were devoted to them. The study of 129 founders of 61 new biotechnology firms in France illustrates the thesis according to which different intellectual and social capital lead the founders to develop distinct strategies.

Key-words : biotechnology, business model, network, resource, strategy, intellectual capital.

Espaces ruraux, espaces périphériques ? Les perspectives de développement économique associées au vignoble de Bordeaux
[Science et participation publique dans la réglementation des aliments génétiquement modifiés: les expériences française et américaine]

Carole DOUCET* (* Laboratoire EGERIE, ENITA de Bordeaux, 1, cours du Général de Gaulle, BP 201, 33175 Gradignan Cedex - e-mail : carole.doucet@aquitaine.cci.fr)

In : Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, n° 70, 2004, pp 49-76

Summary - Using the example of the French vineyard of Bordeaux, this paper deals with the idea that the agricultural resources are no longer sufficient to guarantee the development of rural areas, whose future will be determinated by their ability to satisfy urban demand for recreational and residential use. On the basis of a nodal response framework, we test the hypothesis that the value created by wineries polarises on main cities. We use individual data of a representative sample grouping a hundred wineries. The administrative area (“département”) including the Bordeaux vineyard is divided into five levels of an urban hierarchy. The value added induced by the demand for all goods and services – corresponding to intermediate consumption and investment – of the wineries is first distributed between the various levels among the hierarchy. It appears that almost seventy percent of the induced value added is got by both last levels of the hierarchy, including value added corresponding to the demand for specialized goods or services. This result does not fit with the usual conclusions of the models using spatial multipliers for example. Then, we use a gravity model to develop these results. We test three of them being weighted differently. It leads us to consider that rural zones are able to concentrate on high value adding activities and are able to produce wine-related centres characterised by a relative complementarity of economic functions. Their autonomisation, and the way they contribute to regional development as urban spaces do, throw into question the basic notion of peripheral areas for rural zones.

Key-words : urban-rural spaces relationship, regional development, wine industry, spread/backwash.

Évaluation de la demande de paysage : état de l’art et réflexions sur la méthode du transfert des bénéfices
[Are rural areas always peripheral areas ? The example of rural dynamics in the Bordeaux vineyard ]

Mbolatiana RAMBONILAZA* (* CEMAGREF, Groupement de Bordeaux, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Gazinet-Cestas - e-mail : mbolatiana.rambonilaza@cemagref.fr)

In : Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales, n° 70, 2004, pp 77-101

Summary - Several studies have been published in the recent economic literature with the aim of assessing public landscape preferences. The main objectives of the present paper are : (1) to give an overview of the state of the art of the application of stated preferences method to landscape valuation and (2) to discuss the opportunity of benefit transfer. Firstly, landscape attributes may be either complements in utility. This is because they can be perceived as parts or not of the same scene. Thus, the evaluation problems raised by landscape conservation policies are multi-dimensional. In this context, because of the inclusion effect, the benefit of conserving attributes that are complements for consumers within a joint programme is smaller than the sum of the benefits of conserving them independently. If this is not the case, attributes are also complements in valuation that the joint benefit is higher than the sum of the individual benefits. Within the framework of ex-ante evaluation, introducing these interactions in values estimation needs the conversion of standard contingent valuation method into a multi-programmes approach or the use of choice experiments procedure. However, multi-programmes method only fits the sequential cost-benefit analysis to define optimal attribute-mix. Secondly, available benefit estimates are for the most obtained from standard approach. Although their transfer would not pose problem for an ex-post evaluation, landscape values are very sensitive to the natural, cultural and social conditions of the original surveys. Therefore, the use of meta-analysis method may offer the opportunity for transferring economic benefits within a very limited geographical and social contexts. Today, the existing studies are insufficient to cover a broad range of situations.

Key-words : evaluation, stated preferences method, landscape, preference, environmental management, benefit transfert.