| codons | read by: | codon usage (codons/1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| cytosol | mitochondria | ||
| CUA | anticodons IAG, UAG | 10.0 | 14.7 |
| CUC | anticodon IAG | 15.9 | 17.8 |
| CUG | anticodon CAG | 9.9 | 11.9 |
| CUU | anticodon IAG | 24.3 | 25.1 |
| UUA | anticodon UAA | 12.9 | 21.9 |
| UUG | anticodon CAA | 21.0 | 21.4 |
Codon usage statistics are from the Codon Usage Database at the Kazusa DNA Research Institute.
In the sequences below, several regions of interest have been marked, including the low stability regions (TATA-like sequences) in the 5'-flanks thought to be important for high transcriptional activity, the CAA triplets thought to indicate the region of transcription initiation and the poly(T) stretches thought to act as transcription terminators. Bases which vary between isoacceptors are highlighted, as are anticodons.
| 5' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(AAG)_1 |
| CGTAGGAATAATTTGAATAAATAATTATGTTTTCTTTCTAGAACACAAAA |
| Leu(AAG)_2 |
| TTAGGTCAAAATATATTATAGATAAAACAACGTTGCAAGGAGTACAAAAT |
| Leu(AAG)_3 |
| GAGAGTAGTTTTATATTCAAATTACATGCATGCAACTAAGTAGCAACAAA |
| Leu(AAG)_4 |
| GTCCGGGAACTTTGGTTTAGTAATTTAGAAATCGAAACAGAGCAACAAAA |
| Leu(AAG)_5 |
| AAGTTAATGGTTTAACCCAAAATATTTAAAAGTGTCAGTAGAACATAGAC |
| Leu(AAG)_6 |
| TTTCTCTATTACTGACCTATATTGATTAAAATATGTTGATAGAACAACAA |
| Leu(AAG)_7 |
| GGAGAATTATTCTAAAGATAAAACCGTTTAGTGGATTTGGTTACCAAAAT |
| Leu(AAG)_8 |
| ATATTTGAAACTGTAGTCTATATATTTAGATTTAATATTTTATACAACAA |
| Leu(AAG)_9 |
| ACGATGAGATGTAAAATTTGAAGCTTGAAGATGAACGTTGTTAACAAAAA |
A
G-C
T-A
T-A
G-C
A-T
T*G
A-T TA
TTGA T CACCC A
G GCCGG ||||| A
G ||| GTGGG C
T AGGC C TT
CTA G T G
C-G C-G
C-G C-G
A-T G A
G-C AA
A-T
T T
T G
AAG
| 3' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(AAG)_1 |
| TTTCCTTTTTTTTTTTGTTTTTTTC |
| Leu(AAG)_2 |
| TTACTCTTTTTTAGTTTTTGACTAC |
| Leu(AAG)_3 |
| TTCTCTTTTTCTCAAATTAATATTT |
| Leu(AAG)_4 |
| ATTTACTTTTTTGTCTTTTGGTGGA |
| Leu(AAG)_5 |
| AATCCTAATTTTTTGGAGATTGTTT |
| Leu(AAG)_6 |
| TTACAGTTTTTTTGTTTTGTTTTGT |
| Leu(AAG)_7 |
| TAATTATTATTATTATTTTTTTTTT |
| Leu(AAG)_8 |
| TTCACTTTTTTCTCTTTTTCCATTA |
| Leu(AAG)_9 |
| TTCTCTCTTTTTTTTTTTTTAAACG |
none
Leu(AAG)_9
T20b->C
| 5' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(CAA)_1 |
| GTCATATTTGTAAGGGAATATAAATTAAAAACTCATAATAATATCAACGA |
| Leu(CAA)_2 |
| TATAAGTAGTTTAAAATAGATATTTCATTGTGAAAATATGATTGTAAAGA |
| Leu(CAA)_3 |
| ATCCGTTTAATCTATGTCAATTAAGTTTAGTGTAGTTATACAAACAAAAA |
| Leu(CAA)_4 |
| TTGAAAATTATACGATTATTTACACTATATACGTATAAGTTTAACAAAAA |
| Leu(CAA)_6 |
| ACTAGGTGTTAATCACTATATATAGTTTGTAGTAGAAAACAATATCAAAA |
| Leu(CAA)_7 |
| TAGTTTTTTCATCCTGCTATATATGTTGTCAATGATATTTAATAAAGAAG |
| Leu(CAA)_8 |
| CAGCTAACAATTTGCAACTAAAACTACACAGAGTAGAGTATTAAGCAGAA |
| Leu(CAA)_9 |
| TATCGTTTTTTCTCGATTATATATTTGTAGTATGTCTTGATATCAAACAA |
A
G-C
T-A
C-G
A-T
G-C
G*T
G*T TA
TGA T CACCC A
G GCCGG ||||| A
G ||| GTGGG C
T AGGC C TT
CTA G T G
C-G C-G
C-G C-G
A-T T-A
G-C C-G
A-T G A
C T TA
T G
CAA
| 3' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(CAA)_1 |
| TTCATTTTTATTTTTCTTACCCATT |
| Leu(CAA)_2 |
| TTTAATTTTATTAAATTTTTAGCAT |
| Leu(CAA)_3 |
| TTTTTATTTTGTTATTTTTCCCTTT |
| Leu(CAA)_4 |
| TTTATTTTTGTGCATTTCTTTTTGT |
| Leu(CAA)_6 |
| TTTCTGTTTTTAGTTTTATGTTCAA |
| Leu(CAA)_7 |
| TTAGTTTTTTGTTACAGTTTCTGCG |
| Leu(CAA)_8 |
| TTTTTATTATTTTCTTTTTAAGTTT |
| Leu(CAA)_9 |
| ATTTAGATTTTTATTTTCTCTGAGC |
none
Leu(CAA)_1
G7->T Ce12->T Te2->A Ae3->G T66->A
Leu(CAA)_4
G7->A Ce12->T Te2->A
Leu(CAA)_6 Leu(CAA)_9
G7->A T60->C
Leu(CAA)_7
G7->A Ce12->T T60->C
| 5' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(CAG)_2 |
| TATCATATAAATATATGATATATAATTGGTATTGTTTAAGTCAACATAAA |
| Leu(CAG)_3 |
| TATTTGTAATATGTTTTGATATAAATATGTCTGATTTCAGTTATTAAAAA |
A
G-C
T-A
C-G
A-T
A-T
G-C
A-T TA
TTGA T CACCC A
G GCCGG ||||| A
G ||| GTGGG C
T AGGC C TT
CTA G T G
C-G C-G
C-G C-G
A-T G A
G-C AA
T-A
T T
T G
CAG
| 3' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(CAG)_2 |
| TTTCTTTTTATGCTTTCAAAAAAAA |
| Leu(CAG)_3 |
| TATTCTTTTTGTATTTAACTATTTA |
none
| 5' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(GAG)_1 |
| GTCAATGGTTACTTGATAAATATAGAAACTTTGAAGATTGTATAACAAGA |
A
G-C
T-A
G-C
G A
C-G
T-A
G-C TT
TGA T GACCC A
G CATAA ||||| G
G |||| CTGGG C
T GTAT C CT
TA T G A
C-G G
T-A
A A
C-G
G-C
T C
T G
GAG
| 3' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(GAG)_1 |
| CTATCTTTCATCATAATGTCTTCCA |
unusual T loop sequence: GCTC instead of GTTC
This tRNA is clearly derived from a tRNAHis gene with a mutated anticodon. The lack of a poly(T) terminator may prevent expression of this probable pseudogene.
| 5' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(TAA)_1 Leu(TAA)_5 |
| GGGTTGTAGAATAATAACAAGTACTTGGTTTATTAACAGATATTCAATAA |
| Leu(TAA)_2 |
| TTGTATATTTACTGGTTATATATATGTAATAAGTATGAATATTAACAAAT |
| Leu(TAA)_3 |
| TTCCTGTTTGAGAATTGTGATTGTTCTCTCAGTAGTCAATAGACAAGAAG |
| Leu(TAA)_4 |
| TACACCAGTTTGCGTATATAAATATAATAGGAAGAGAAAAATAATAACAA |
| Leu(TAA)_6 |
| AGATACAAACGTTTATTAAGAAGGTTATATTTCATATGAGTGACATCAAG |
| Leu(TAA)_7 |
| AGAAATACGATTACTAAATAAACTTAAAAATGGAATATTTAAACAGCAGC |
A
G-C
C-G
A-T
G-C
G-C
T*G
T-A CA
TGA T CACCC A
G GCCCG ||||| G
G ||| GTGGG C
T AGGG C TT
TA G T G
G-C G-C
A-T C-G
A-T A-T
G-C C-G
A-T A A
C T TA
T G
TAA
| 3' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(TAA)_1 Leu(TAA)_5 |
| TCTTTCTCTTTATTTTTTGAAATTT |
| Leu(TAA)_2 |
| ATTTATATTTTTGTTAATTTTAAAT |
| Leu(TAA)_3 |
| TATTTTTCCTAAAATCTTTTTTCCT |
| Leu(TAA)_4 |
| TTTCCCCTCTATTTTGTTAAAATTA |
| Leu(TAA)_6 |
| TTTGTATTTTTTTTTCATTTTTCTG |
| Leu(TAA)_7 |
| GTTTTGCTTTTGTTTTATATAATTT |
none
Leu(TAA)_2
insertion(s)
Leu(TAA)_6 Leu(TAA)_7
T16->A
| 5' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(TAG)_1 |
| ATAATTAAAACATTAGTATAAATACAATCACATGCTTAATGTAATAATGT |
| Leu(TAG)_2 |
| TTAAAATGTGGATTGCTTTATATAAATAGTTTATGATGCTCTTAACAATT |
| Leu(TAG)_3 |
| GGATCTTTCAAGTATAATATATAAAATCTAATCTCAATACAAACACAAAG |
| Leu(TAG)_5 |
| AACTAAAGTATTATGCTATAAATAATCGTGTTGCGGAGCTATCAACAAAT |
| Leu(TAG)_6 |
| AATTTTATTGTTAATTATAGAATGTTTAAGTTTCACATATCATACAACAA |
| Leu(TAG)_7 |
| AATCTGAATTGTAAGTACTAAATTAAACTTAAAGAGTCATATAAACATCT |
A
G-C
A-T
C-G
A-T
G-C
T*G
T-A TA
TGA T CACCC A
G GCCGG ||||| A
G ||| GTGGG C
T AGGC C TT
CTA G T G
C-G C-G
C-G C-G
A-T G A
G-C AA
A-T
T C
T G
TAG
| 3' flanks |
|---|
| Leu(TAG)_1 |
| ATTTGTTTTTTTCTTTGACTCCTTT |
| Leu(TAG)_2 |
| AATAAATTTTGAACAATTGTACTGC |
| Leu(TAG)_3 |
| TTTAGATTTATTTTTTCCAGACTTT |
| Leu(TAG)_5 |
| AATATTTTTTTTATATTCTTTTGTC |
| Leu(TAG)_6 |
| ATTTCTTTTCCTTTTTTTCCCTTCT |
| Leu(TAG)_7 |
| ATTCCTTTTTTTTCTTTTGTTCCTT |
none
Leu(TAG)_2 Leu(TAG)_3 Leu(TAG)_5
G5->A C68->T
tRNA & aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase table | taaRSAt home page
Last updated December 12, 1999; Ian Small