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Mycologia, .

Crops attacked: tomato .

Leaf mould

Identification, Description, Biology, Epidemiology, Treatement, Possible misleading, Images

[R]Description
Diffuse, pale, yellowish spots that become necrotic appear on the upper face of the leaves.
Olive coloured, downy tissue develops on the underside of the leaflet which then yellows.

[R]Biology
The fungus remains viable under vegetable debris in the soil and on shelter structures.
The conidia are viable for 9 to 12 months. They are spread by wind, and air currents in shelters. They penetrate the plants through the stomata.
The incubation period is fairly long (12 to 15 days).
Sporulation occurs in several hours on the underside of the leaves.

[R]Epidemiology
The disease is found both in protected and field grown crops, near wind breaks for the latter.
Factors favourable to its development are temperatures ranging from 20 to 25 °C and a relative humidity greater than 80 %.

[R]Treatement
Use resistant varieties.
Aerate shelters.
Pulverize a fungicide.
The fungal parasite Hansfordia pulvinata , may occasionally retard development of the disease.

[R]Possible misleading
.

[R] Images

1. Fulvia fulva , Tomato leaf mould (BASF)
   Tomato leaf mould Downiness due to Fulvia fulva on the upper surface of a tomato leaf.
   
2. Fulvia fulva , Tomato leaf mould (BASF)
   Tomato leaf mould View of Fulvia fulva sporulating on tomato leaflets.
   
3. Fulvia fulva , Tomato leaf mould (BLANCARD D., INRA)
   Tomato leaf mould Symptoms of Fulvia fulva on the leaves of a tomato plant.
   
4. Fulvia fulva , Tomato leaf mould (BLANCARD D., INRA)
   Tomato leaf mould Senescent spots of Fulvia fulva on a tomato leaflet.
   
5. Fulvia fulva , Tomato leaf mould (VEGH I., INRA)
   Tomato leaf mould Sporulating spots of Fulvia fulva on a tomato leaflet.
   

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